Centering device for locomotive trucks



O 25, 1938. w. s. H. HAMILTON ET AL 2,134,443

CENTERING DEVICE FOR LOCOMQTIVE TRUCKS 4 SheetsSheet l M 2L |E QM QM Originalv Filed Sept. 4, 193@ 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 25, 1938. w. s. H. HAMILTON ET AL' CENTERING DEVICE FOR LOCOMOTIVE TRUCKS Original Filed Sept. 4, 1936 3mm 5% R Oct. 25, 1938. w. S.IH. HAMILTON ET AL 2,134,443v

' GENTERING DEVICE FOR LOCOMOTIVE TRUCKS Original Filed Sept. 4, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 25, 1938. w. s. H. HAMILTON ET AL 2,134,443

CENTERING DEVICE FOR LCCOMOTIVE TRUCKS Original Filed Sept. 4, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 il/MSMWQ 5M W 1i gwuwwtom I Patented a. 25, 1938 NITED STATES GENTERINVG DEVICE Eon ooo iuoiirivef V TRUCKS] j William S. H.Hamilton, Larchm'ont; Frederica W; Butt,-- Woodside, N. Y., assignors to The New: Yorkzflentral Railroad Qompanm'anconporation of- New York I e (lfiginalapplication Septeinlier 43,1936; 8

No. 99,490, Patent No. 2,116,944; May r0; 1 93s. Divided and this applicatien June l, :193 7 Serial a This application is adivision of our prior application filed September 4,1936, Serial No.

99,490; which has matured into U. S. Letters Patent No.2,1l6-,944 granted'May 10; 1938. V

This invention relates to centering devices for locomotive trucks, and particularly to means for ing devices and controlling means for governing the action of each centering device according to track and speed conditions, said controlling means operating'to automatically regulateand variablygovern the action of the centering devices in the travel of the locomotive at different speeds and about curves and along stra'ight portions of a track so as to regulate the restraining action of the centering: deviceeiszreqiiir ed according to varying track conditions and varying speeds of travel of the locomotive. V

The spring centering devices commonly employed in connection with swivel truck s exert forcestending to hold their swivel truksin line with theother trucks and resisting swiveling". 'I'hese'f orces arevadjustable' but do not 'varywith the speed of the locomotive; Such devices, however, if designed with suflijcient flexibility ior swivelingaction ofthe swivel trucks to allow easy travel of the locomotive about sharp curves at slow speed, at "andbelow, for example, twenty miles per hounfd'o' not offer suflicient resistance against undesirable swiveling; or nosing of the truclrwhen the train is traveling on straighter comparatively straight portions of the "track at higher speeds and particularly at very' high run hing, speeds, when,, as a safety measure, nosing shouldbepreventedi One object of the invention is. to jprovide simple, reliable and efiicient means for controlling a centering device governingfthe swiveling action of a truckin' such away as-to-aHow free swiveling'motion'of the truck relative to-the locomotivecab or cab frame when traveling about curves at or below a predetermined speed and to give positive restriction to the centering device, with maximum resistance to truck swiveling: mo-

tions, when traveling at speeds above suchipred'elocomotive cab or cab; supporting frame includingwawcenteringi"device and: controller, therefor,

-,and *lockingiandl releasing means for. :the con,- 1'5 ttoller? governing the: same in such; manner that when? the controller 'is locked there be sufficient freedom of. swiveling action and of: relativexmovementrbetween the trucks. and: trucks and locomotivecabrframe "for easy" travel with maxi- 2o.

mum safety at: high-speeds, and so. that when the controller isreleasedith'ere be enough additional freedoms of swiveling: action and, relative motion of the trucks to-perm'it the locomotive to pass: easily and" freely? around curves at low 25;

speeds;

A stillz turther objecteof the invention: is to provide means for holding two. articulatedtrucks of an articulated truck locomotive in a: predetermined elastic restraint'relationship with the 3s l'ocomotivecabframe above a predetermined locomoti-v'e speed andJfree from-suchfrestrain. or' at less restrain i at a locomotive speed below" such predetermined speedl' 1 With theseand:other objects inview; the invention=consists"of the features of construction, combination and arrangement 0t parts," hereinafterfully described'and claimed, reterencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which-:

Fig, 1 is a side elevation showing the applica- 40 tion of 'tliefinventi-on, tor exemplificationgto a double'ended electric locomotive having articu lated 'truck s, 'andshowing 'a form of the invention in which i the centering devices aremounted on the trucks and the locking and releasing means on'the'cabframer n Fig. 2 is:a diagrammatic plan viewshowing the arrangement of the controlling means, on the 10- comotiver -cab'framee t Fig; 3 isias plan view on", an enlarged. scale of portions of the cab frame and a truck showing the centering device on the truck and coacting parts of the locking and releasing means on the cab frame, the centering device appearing in section.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section through the cab frame showing one of the trucks in end elevation. Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevation of a portion of a truck frame showing the speed switch drive arrangement. r

Fig. 6 is a transverse section taken substantially on line 6-6 of Fig. 5. I

Figs. 7 and 8 are views similar to Figs. 1 and showing a modified arrangement in which the I centering devices are mounted on the cab frame and the locking and releasing means on the trucks. 1

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the parts illustrated in Figs. '7 and 8.

In the embodiment of our invention as herein I disclosed we have shown its application to a double ended type of electric locomotive I: having similar wheeled trucks 2 and 3 swiveled, as indicated at 4, to the cab supporting frame 5 of the cab 6 mounted thereon. The trucks 2 and 3 have an articulated coupling-connection 1 at their inner ends and said trucks are adapted to serve respectively as leading or pilot and trailing trucks in the travel of th'elocomotive in the direction in which either is at the head of the other in the direction of travel.

Two alternative forms of our invention are herein shown. in Figs; 1 to 6, inclusive, and 7 to 9, inclusive, the construction of the working parts being substantially the same in each case, but the arrangement of the centering devices and their controlling devices differing in their'mounting on the .truck andcab frame. Figs. 1 to 6, inclusive, showanarrangementin which the centering devicesaremountedion the truck frame and,

their controllingidevices are mounted onthe'cab frame, while Figs. 7 to 9, inclusive, show a reverse arrangement. Either .of these arrangements may be used as desired or considered preferable in the practical application=of the invention.

In thearrangement shown in Figs. 1 to 6, inelusive, centering. devices 80f similar type are mounted upon the inner or. adjacent ends of the trucks. Each of theseucentering devices. comprises a supporting. head or plate 9 provided in its outer face with spaced seat recesses I and H. Mounted between projections l2 and I3 extending from the head 9 is a rocker arm or lever l4 having at opposite sides thereof fulcrum portions l0 and II normally engaging said recesses in the centered position of saidarm or lever. A floating rod or bolt I is movable freely through openings in the head .9 and through stationary and movable spring caps or washers l6 and I1 and is pivoted at its outer end, as at l5, to the rocker lever. Disposed about this rod between the spring washers. l6 and I! are coiled centering springs I 8, the tension of which may be regulated by securing and tensioning nuts IS on the rod- I5, and which springs oppose a resistance to the endwise floating movement of the rod l5 and the rocking movements of the lever I4. :The lever I4 is coupled to one end, of a controlling bar or link 20, the opposite or free end of which is permitted to slide without restraint or is positively held from movement by cooperating controlling or looking and releasing mechanism mounted on the cab frame 5, whereby the action of the centering device is controlled to regulate its degree of resistance to' the swiveling movement of the truck on which it is mounted relative to the cab frame and the relative lateral motion of the ad jacent ends of the trucks. The centering devices 8 carried by the respective trucks are arranged at opposite sides of said trucks, or on opposite sides of the center line of the locomotive.

The said controlling or locking and releasing mechanism provided for governing the action of each centeringgdevice comprises a suitable support 2| fixed to the cab frame. which support forms a guide for the free end of the link 20. On the support is mounted a fixed guiding and clamping roller 22 against which one side of the link 20 bears and pivotally mounted on the support is a shaft 23 carrying a clamping lever 24 and a pair of arms between which is journaled a clamping roller 25 bearing against the opposite side of the link, which roller 25 is placed opposite the roller 22 and is movable toward and away from the same by reverse swinging 'movements of the lever 24. In the side of the link facing the roller 22 is a locking notch or recess 26 adapted to be positioned in line with said roller when the centering device is in centered position, so that when the notch is in such position and lever 24 is operated to force the roller 25 toward the roller .22 the link 28 will be clamped between the rollersand locked from movement by engagement of the notch 26 with the roller 22.

The lever is movable to a sufficient degree in'the opposite direction to withdraw the roller 25 to an extent to allow the link 20 to release itself from engagement with the roller 22, while maintaining the rollers Hand 25 in position to form guides and retainersallowing the link 20 when released to have limited sliding movements transversely of the locomotiveand pivotal movements' in both directions longitudinally of the locomotive. I

Whenthe link 20 is in released position the truck carrying=the centering device which it controls can swing freely independently relative to the cab frame andthe associated truck to which it is articulated to the minimum extent allowed by permanent stops, permitting'the trucks to guide the locomotive freely about sharp curves in the track. The link isreleasedin practice at speeds below a predetermined value, for example twenty miles an, hour, below which speed the locomotive is free to travel about, sharp curves withoutsubstantial restriction. For cooperation with the controlling link or lever of each centering device we provide ameans dependent upon the speed of the locomotive for automatically causing the coacting link locking mechanism to lock or release the link 28; that is, at or below a predetermined speed the centering device is freed, while at any speed above the predetermined value the link 2!] will be locked'to allow only a limited range of motion of the centering device, thereby giving maximum elastic resistance to the swinging or swiveling movement. of the truck relative to the cab frame and the centering devices operating under such conditions to control the relative lateral motion of adjacent ends of the trucks so as to prevent the leading truck from nosing at high speeds.

The automatic means for controlling the locking and releasing mechanism of the controlling link of each centering device comprises a servomotor in the-form of an air cylinder and piston 21 mounted on the cab frame, which piston is coupled to, the clamping or looking lever 24 by a connecting rod 28. The motor cylinder is connected, through a feed pipe 29 and an electroarc/aura pneumatic: control: valve 31), with an air supplypifpe: Mi, whichimay' bBJiIT practice a: part1 or, the main reservoir: system orother sourceof." com pressed air: on: the: locomotive. hand valve 32;

is. provided in the: pipe whereby the. air" feed.

connection may be cut; out. whenfd'esired'; v magnet; coil ot' the electo pneumatics valve 36? is arranged in a conductor 34 normally-connected to a supply'circuit 35i'inc1wdingr abatterytfi or other source of: electric: energy; and a battery cut in and: cutout switch 36",.which.circuit may form a. part? of: the: lighting: system: or. locomotive;

and; said; conductor is: adapted: to be: thrown into and; out on connection with the: supply circuit by means; of a. speed: controlled; switch 31 At all times": inithei open; condition: of. the: switch 3.1? the pipe: 29 is opened to the feed pipe 31% through the valve: 3illg;s.o:= that air is: supplied. toithe cylinder to hold the? lockingemechanism 'inlengagement with the: control linlc; 210.. The-switch 31. when closedl supplies current. totenergize the magnet coil 33 whereby: the. valve 3% opens: communica-- tion hetweem the: atmosphere. and the cylinder and: air. is. released." from the cylinder to. retract the. link 29.

valve 30: admitsair'to; pipe 29'. at: all; speeds. above the locking and: releasing: mechanisms and: release The: switclr 31; 1 is. opened and: the

, below t-wenty milesrper hour, opens at higherspeeds so: that. the: locking mechanism. will' always bein action to lockthelink 21min maximum resistance position; inthe'event. of. failure of: the electrical. part of. the: control: meanssto' perform. its releasing action,. and so thatthe link 211 will. be released: onlyinthetravelzof; the locomotive at slow speedy The 'means'for controlling: the switch 3'! in this manner comprises a gear box 38: secured: to the lidwor cover of. one. oi the journalboxes of one" of: the trucks; in whichsbon are enclosed gears: 391 driven; through a suitable.

connection. 410' fromfth'e axle and! couplediby amember 42 againstthe resistance ofa switch opening spring (not showrilforming part of said switch, to connect the lamps 43" with the current supply circuit so long'a-s valve 30 admits air to the cylinder 21 thus indicating thatt-he electrically controlled part of the system isworkihgand the system in condition for full control actions;

When the switch closes at" the predetermined speed of the locomotive and coil 3'3 energized to move valve 30' t'o'air vent position the switch 421 is, relieved from air pressure and is: shifted to.

opem position byits sprin'g, thus'cutting ofil the supplynofs current; to the:- pilot: lights 43 ,zindicatthat. link. Zflszlsin released: position and that the locomotive. may" be; operated about sharpcunvesvat'lowspeed. Similarly, in the event of failure on therelectricalz part of the system the lamp'sgythronglr their failureto'glow; will give warning: of this. condition. The current supply circuits may alsoinclude a circuitbreaker 44 0f suitable type; l

: If; d'esired',.andf as shown, the locking and re leasing: mechanisms controlling both centering devicesmaybe connected'with a common source of air supply: and governed by the same set of electrical instrumentalities and a single speed controlled deviceeso: that the locking and releas-- inge mechanism of'both centering devices will be controlled: i111 unison with eachother and by the same:- control means, thus simpli-fyingthe con,

structionz' and reducing the-munber of' parts required to. he used inthe system.

AEs: above described, and as-shown, the centering' devices are mounted upon the respective trucks: on opposite sides of'the longitudinal center or thealocomotive, and the servo-motors and: associatedl partsof the respective locking" and releas-- devices. arersimilarly mounted with respect to each other; This: arrangement permits the control. levers 20 to be extended in opposite directionstransversely of'the locomotive soas to lie in substantially parallel relation between the-ad jacent. inner ends: of." the trucks-y allowing" the partsito becompactly'mounted.

' Itwiil be apparent iromthe foregoing that we haveaprovided"equivalentmeansmounted on each individual truclt'an d the locomotive cab frame for elasticallyfcontrolling the oscillating movements oi the respective trucks: with respect to the cab frame, .each individual truck being independently controlled with regard to the elastic resistance opposed to its oscillations; but at the same time being commonly controlled through the concurrent. actionsyoff its centering devices to regulate the oscillations of the adjacent ends of the trucks.

In the alternative form of ourinvention-shown in Figs; 7 to 9, inclusivegthe arrangement of the centering'd'tevites and motorcylindersis reversed from that: shown in Figs. I to'fi, inclusive, in that the centering devices. are mounted on the locomotivecab framelia, while the motor cylind'ers 'and coacting parts are arranged on the trucks: 2a and 3a.; In the organization shown in also shown as being disposed for convenience of arrangement and cooperation with Y the other parts in a vertical position, while the motor cylinders arearranged horizontally on the trucks. This: arrangement requires the location of each cylinder at a lower elevation than the coacting link ZD and clampingarm 2'4aan'd the mounting of the arm on a rock shaft 23a journaled on the truck; Otherwise the construction and operation of the parts is the" same as set 'forth in connection with the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1' to 62 inclusive. I

' From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings; the construction and mode of' operation of our improved means for controlling a centering device or devices to regulate the resistance thereof to independent or conj'oint swiveling movements of the oscillating trucks of thelocomotive-cab frame or cab willbe readily: understood without a further and extended description; and it will be seen that the invention provides means for automatically con- Figs. 7- 1509 inclusive, the centering'devices are I trolling the action of the centering device or de-. Vices at speeds below and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive to release the centering device or devices at low and safe speedswhile locking the centering device or devices at high speeds to exert maximum restraining action against the movements of the truck' or trucks to prevent nosing of the leading truck and undue swiveling of the following truck at high speeds, so that maximum flexibility of truck action is permitted at low speeds and safety against undue swiveling or nosing secured at high speeds. Also it will be seen that the invention provides'a means whereby in the event of failure of the means provided for energizing the magnet coil 33 to function from any cause, the centering device ordevices will be locked-in maximum restraining position so that the locomotive may be driven at high speeds with safety. By providing centering devices whereby the trucks are held in a certain elastic relationship to the locomotive frame or cab above a predetermined speed and allowed to have free action or are limited in action to allow greater freedom of movement of the trucks at speeds below such predetermined locomotive speed a wide range of truck restraint is permitted for safe travel on straight and sharply curved tracks at speeds suitable for the portions of the track being traveled, both trucks being controlled by placing them under proper elastic restraint suitable for the speed at which they are traveling.

It is to be understood, of course, that the invention may be employed in either of the ways described or in any other possible ways for controlling the articulated trucks of a locomotive of the type employing two or more trucks.

While the structures herein disclosed, 'and shown for exemplification, are preferred, it-will, of course, be understood that changes inthe form, proportion and details of construction of the parts may be made within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention. a

What we claim is: V

1. The combination with a locomotive cab having a supporting frame rigid therewith and a truck frame directly swiveled to said cab supporting frame of a speed controlled restraining connection between said frames operable inthe travel of the locomotive to oppose a predetermined resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

2. The combination with a locomotive cab having a supporting frame rigid therewith'and a truck frame directly swiveled to said cab supporting frame of a centering device on one of said frames for imposing a resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame, and speed controlled means on the other frame governing the centering device to cause it to impose such resistance at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

3. The combination with a locomotive cab frame, and a pair of truck frames swiveled thereto, of speed controlled restraining devices, one connecting each truck frame with the cab frame, and operable in the travel of the locomotive to oppose a predetermined resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

4. The combination with a locomotive cab frame, and a pair of truck frames swiveled thereto, of a speed controlled restraining connection between each truck frame and the cab frame comprising a centering device on one of said frames for imposing a resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame, and speed controlled means on the other frame governing the centering device to cause it to impose such resistance at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive 5. The combination with a locomotive cab frame, and two truck frames articulated to each other and each swiveled to the cab frame, of a speed controlled restraining connection between each truck frame and the cab frame comprising a centering device on one of said frames for imposing a resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame, and speed controlled means on the other frame governing the centering device to cause it to impose such resistance at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

6. Ina locomotive, a cab having a supporting frame rigid therewith, a truck frame directly swiveled to said cab supporting frame, a spring centering device mounted on one of the frames for opposing a resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck frame, and speed responsive controlling meansmounted on the other frame and governing the centering device to cause it to oppose such resistance at and above a predetermined locomotive speed.

7. A locomotive having a frame and two articulated trucks swiveled thereto, a centering device for connecting each truck to the frame for con trolling the swinging movements of each truck with respect to the frame, and automatic'means, governed by the speed of the locomotive, for regulating the resistance of the centering devices to the swinging movements of the trucks.

8. A locomotive having a frame and two articulatedv trucks swiveled thereto, centering device connecting the respective trucks with the frame and governing the swiveling movements of the trucks, a locking and releasing means for controlling the resistance of each centering device to swiveling movements of its truck, and means governed by the speed of the locomotive for controlling said locking and releasing means of the centering devices 'for locking and releasing actionsp 9. A locomotive having aframe and two articulated trucks swiveled thereto, a centering device for connecting each truck to the frame for controlling the swiveling movements of'th'e truck with respect to'the frame, said device including a pivotally mounted resistance controlling element lockable and releasable for governing the amount of resistance of said device, and automatic means governed by the speed of the locomotive for locking and releasing said element.

10. A locomotive'having a cab, a supporting frame'rigid with the cab and a truck frame dir'ectly swiveled to said cab supporting frame, and a controlling connection between the cab supporting frame and the truck frame comprising a centering device carried by one of the said frames for elastically controlling the swinging motion of the truck frame and including a control member for regulating the amount of resistance of said device, and speed controlled electropneumatic locking and releasing means on the other frame for engagement'with said control member to hold it in position for maintaining the centering device in centering position at locomotive speeds above a predetermined speed and releasing it to permit the, centering device to move freely for :free iswin'gi'ng movements 'of theiitruckfat locomotivespeeds' .below such predetermined speed:-

.1 1. A locomotiveihavinga cab,:a cab supporting frame rigid with the cabiandia truck afname directly swiveled to said cab supporting frame, a centering device xinroneiofssaid frames for elastically controlling the relativesswi-nging movements of the truck frame, said centering device including a control element, means on the other of said frames for engagement with said element to hold the centering device in centering position or for releasing said element to allow swinging movement of the truck frame, and speed controlled means governing the first-named means for automatic locking and releasing actions at different locomotive speeds,

12. A locomotive having a cab, a cab supporting frame rigid with the cab and a truck frame directly swiveled to the cab supporting frame, a centering device on one of the frames for elastically controlling the swinging movements of said truck frame, and speed controlled means on the other frame coupled to and governing the centering device to permit the same to have its normal range of movement at a predetermined low speed of the locomotive and for locking the centering device to oppose an elastic resistance to the swinging movements of the truck at higher speeds of the locomotive.

13. A double ended locomotive having a frame and two articulated trucks swiveled thereto, re-

straining means connecting the trucks with the frame for elastically controlling the oscillations of each truck with respect to the locomotive frame, and means governing said restraining means for establishing an elastic resistance to the swinging movements of each truck at speeds above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

14. A locomotive having a cab, a cab supporting frame rigid with the cab and a truck frame directly swiveled to the cab supporting frame, a centering device on one of the frames for elastically controlling the oscillations of the truck frame, a link connected with the centering device whereby its controlling actions may be controlled, and means on the other. frame and governed by locomotive speeds for automatically locking and releasing said link.

15. Alocomotive having a cab, a supporting frame for the cab rigid with the cab and a truck frame directly swiveled to said cab supporting frame, a centering device on one of the frames including a centering spring and a lever mechanism through which the resistance of the spring is transmitted to oppose swinging movements of the truck frame, a connecting link for looking said lever to and unlocking it from the other frame, locking means on the latter-named frame cooperating with said link for such locking and unlocking actions, and means governed by locomotive speeds for throwing said locking means into and out of action.

16. A locomotive having a cab frame and two articulated truck frames swiveled thereto, and a restraining connection between the cab frame and each truck frame comprising a centering device on the truck frame including a centering spring and a lever mechanism through which the resistance of thespring is transmitted to said truck frame, a connecting link for locking said lever to and unlocking it from the other frame, locking means on the latter-named frame normally engaging the link to hold the centering device in maximum resistance position,'and-locomotive speed controlled means for releasing said .;locking :device at a ipredetermined low locomo- Itive :speed. without affecting its: locking :action at higher locomotive speeds. v 1 1.17. Aflocomotive vhaving a cab frame and two articulated :tnuck nirames swiveledlthereto and a restraimnginonnection =between' ,the.:cab frame ;and eash itnuck (frame :comprisingca centering device on one of said frames for opposing an elastic resistance to the swinging movements of the truck frame, a device for locking said centering device in its position for establishing a maximum resistance to. the swinging movements of the truck frame or releasing it for free movements of the truck frame, actuating means for the locking device normally effective for maintaining the locking device in action at all locomotive speeds, and means effective for influencing said actuating means at predetermined low speeds of the locomotive to. release said locking device and ineffective for such action at higher locomotive speeds.

18. A locomotive having a cab frame and two articulated truck frames swiveled thereto, and a restraining connection between the cab frame and each truck frame comprising a centering device on one of said frame for opposing an elastic resistance to the swinging movements of the truck frame, a coupling member associated with the centering device, a device on the other frame for coaction with said coupling member for locking the centering device in its position for establishing a maximum resistance to the lateralmovements of the truck frame or releasing it for free movements of the truck frame, actuating means for the locking device normally effective for maintaining the locking device in action at all locomotive speeds, and means effective for influencing said actuating means at predetermined low speeds of the locomotive to release said locking device and ineffective for such action at higher locomotive speeds.

19. A locomotive having a cab frame and two articulated truck frames swiveled thereto and a restraining connection between the cab frame'and each truck frame comprising a centering device on one of the frames for opposing a variable elastic resistance to the swinging movements of the truck frame, a locking device for connecting the centering device with or disconnecting it from the other frame for holding said centering device in its maximum resistance position or releasing it for free movements of the truck frame, pneumatic means for normally maintaining the locking device in locking position, electrical control means effective for action on said pneumatic means when set into action to release the locking means, and locomotive speed governed means operative on said electrical control means to release the locking device at predetermined low locomotive speeds but ineffective for such action-at higher locomotive speeds.

20. A locomotive having a frame and two articulated trucks swiveled thereto, in combination with speed controlled means connecting the frame and trunks for holding the two articulated trucks elastically resistant to swinging movements at speeds above a predetermined speed of the locomotive.

21. In a railway vehicle, the combination with a vehicle body structure and a truck directly swiveled thereto, of elastic restraining means comprising elements interposed between the body structure and truck for opposing an elastic resistance to the swiveling movements of the truck relatively to the body structure above a predetermined vehicle speed, and speed controlled means for throwing said restraining means into and. out of action.

22. A locomotive having a swiveled truck and a cab structure, and a speed responsive restraint device disposed between and operatively connecting the truck and cab structure to hold the truck elastically coupled to the cab structure at and above a predetermined speed of the locomotive so as to elastically restrain the swiveling movements of the truck.

WILLIAM S. H. HAMILTON. FREDERIC W. BUTT. 

